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<span style="font-size:14.0pt">1. Leaders of over 60 countries have signed a pledge to put recovery of biodiversity at the heart of their covid-19 recovery plans. The agreement preceded the opening of a virtual UN biodiversity conference on Wednesday. The US,
Brazil, and China did not sign the pledge, though China is leading development of the talks.
</span><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/sep/28/world-leaders-pledge-to-halt-earth-destruction-un-summit"><span style="font-size:14.0pt">https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/sep/28/world-leaders-pledge-to-halt-earth-destruction-un-summit</span></a><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:14.0pt">2. China has pledged to reach peak carbon by 2030, and to achieve zero emissions by 2060. The pledge is regarded as appropriately ambitious.
<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/sep/27/china-carbon-pledge-put-energy-system-reverse-wind-solar"><span style="font-size:14.0pt">https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/sep/27/china-carbon-pledge-put-energy-system-reverse-wind-solar</span></a><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:14.0pt">3. China’s pledge has been an inspiration to other large economies.
</span><a href="https://phys.org/news/2020-09-china-carbon-big-economies-radical.html"><span style="font-size:14.0pt">https://phys.org/news/2020-09-china-carbon-big-economies-radical.html</span></a><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:14.0pt">4. The oceans are increasingly stratified by temperature and density. The implications include stronger hurricanes, less C absorbed by the waters, and less O and nutrients to sustain ocean life. It also means that the worst-case
figures for atmospheric heating become more likely. <span style="mso-spacerun:yes">
</span></span><a href="https://climatecrocks.com/2020/09/28/ocean-stratification-is-not-good-news-very-not-good/"><span style="font-size:14.0pt">https://climatecrocks.com/2020/09/28/ocean-stratification-is-not-good-news-very-not-good/</span></a><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:14.0pt">5 . A promising way to sequester carbon is to spread volcanic ash on the ocean floor.
<a href="https://phys.org/news/2020-09-volcanic-ash-carbon-dioxide-climate.html">
https://phys.org/news/2020-09-volcanic-ash-carbon-dioxide-climate.html</a><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:14.0pt">6. 40% of the world’s plant species are at risk of extinction. A great many are still unidentified and their properties unknown.
<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/sep/30/world-plant-species-risk-extinction-fungi-earth">https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/sep/30/world-plant-species-risk-extinction-fungi-earth</a><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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