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<span style="font-size:12.0pt">1. Over 110 nations have committed to carbon neutrality by mid-century. To be effective in achieving the Paris agreement’s target of limiting heating to 1.5C, the plans must include all greenhouse gasses, set hard targets along
the way to 2050, avoid unrealistic negative emissions figures, and include all sources of emissions—no special exclusions for such hard sources as aviation and shipping.
</span><a href="https://phys.org/news/2020-12-net-climate-fine.html"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">https://phys.org/news/2020-12-net-climate-fine.html</span></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:12.0pt">2. European Union leaders intend to cut emissions 55% by the end of the decade.
</span><a href="https://phys.org/news/2020-12-eu-leaders-emissions-all-night.html">https://phys.org/news/2020-12-eu-leaders-emissions-all-night.html</a><span style="mso-spacerun:yes">
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<span style="font-size:12.0pt">3. A group of large investors with collective assets under management of over $9 trillion have agreed not to invest in any company which has not set a 2050 target for carbon neutrality. The group, ;which is still growing, intends
to set interim targets for decarbonizing their portfolios, beginning with a 2030 target.
<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/business/2020/dec/11/investor-group-makes-net-zero-carbon-pledge-to-tackle-climate-crisis"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">https://www.theguardian.com/business/2020/dec/11/investor-group-makes-net-zero-carbon-pledge-to-tackle-climate-crisis</span></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:12.0pt">4. An overview of the progress toward limiting heating to the Paris targets sketches a world which sees the way it needs to go but is having trouble resolving to follow it.
<a href="https://theconversation.com/5-years-after-paris-how-countries-climate-policies-match-up-to-their-promises-and-whos-aiming-for-net-zero-emissions-151722?utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Latest%20from%20The%20Conversation%20for%20December%2011%202020%20-%201809317583&utm_content=Latest%20from%20The%20Conversation%20for%20December%2011%202020%20-%201809317583+Version+B+CID_53435b92f99f73bcb6bc39352af7a82f&utm_source=campaign_monitor_us&utm_term=5%20years%20after%20Paris%20How%20countries%20climate%20policies%20match%20up%20to%20their%20promises%20and%20whos%20aiming%20for%20net%20zero%20emissions">
https://theconversation.com/5-years-after-paris-how-countries-climate-policies-match-up-to-their-promises-and-whos-aiming-for-net-zero-emissions-151722?utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Latest%20from%20The%20Conversation%20for%20December%2011%202020%20-%201809317583&utm_content=Latest%20from%20The%20Conversation%20for%20December%2011%202020%20-%201809317583+Version+B+CID_53435b92f99f73bcb6bc39352af7a82f&utm_source=campaign_monitor_us&utm_term=5%20years%20after%20Paris%20How%20countries%20climate%20policies%20match%20up%20to%20their%20promises%20and%20whos%20aiming%20for%20net%20zero%20emissions</a><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:12.0pt">5. An overview by Bill McKibben of the climate crisis five years after the Paris Agreement observes that while economic pressure will lead to a transition from fossil fuels to renewables, it will do so too slowly. Hope lies with
organized opposition to the use of fossil fuels and organized attempts to interfere with their financing. Both campaigns give some room for hope.
<a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/annals-of-a-warming-planet/where-we-stand-on-climate">
https://www.newyorker.com/news/annals-of-a-warming-planet/where-we-stand-on-climate</a><span style="mso-spacerun:yes">
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